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Evidence of adaptation, niche separation and microevolution within the genus Polaromonas on Arctic and Antarctic glacial surfaces

Gawor, Jan and Grzesiak, Jakub and Sasin-Kurowska, Joanna and Borsuk, Piotr and Gromadka, Robert and Górniak, Dorota and Świątecki, Aleksander and Aleksandrzak-Piekarczyk, Tamara and Zdanowski, Marek K (2016) Evidence of adaptation, niche separation and microevolution within the genus Polaromonas on Arctic and Antarctic glacial surfaces. Extremophiles, 20 (4). pp. 403-413. ISSN 1431-0651

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Official URL: http://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s00792-01...

Abstract

Polaromonas is one of the most abundant genera found on glacier surfaces, yet it’s ecology remains poorly described. Investigations made to date point towards a uniform distribution of Polaromonas phylotypes across the globe. We compared 43 Polaromonas isolates obtained from surfaces of Arctic and Antarctic glaciers to address this issue. 16S rRNA gene sequences, intergenic transcribed spacers (ITS) and metabolic fingerprinting showed great differences between hemispheres but also between neighboring glaciers. Phylogenetic distance between Arctic and Antarctic isolates indicated separate species. The Arctic group clustered similarly, when constructing dendrograms based on 16S rRNA gene and ITS sequences, as well as metabolic traits. The Antarctic strains, although almost identical considering 16S rRNA genes, diverged into 2 groups based on the ITS sequences and metabolic traits, suggesting recent niche separation. Certain phenotypic traits pointed towardscell adaptation to specific conditions on a particular glacier, like varying pH levels. Collected data suggest, that seeding of glacial surfaces with Polaromonas cells transported by various means, is of greater efficiency on local than global scales. Selection mechanisms present of glacial surfaces reduce the deposited Polaromonas diversity, causing subsequent adaptation to prevailing environmental conditions. Furthermore, interactions with other supraglacial microbiota, like algae cells may drive postselectional niche separation and microevolution within the Polaromonas genus.

Item Type:Article
Uncontrolled Keywords:Polaromonas, 16S rRNA gene, ITS, glacier, bacteria, biogeography
Subjects:G Geography. Anthropology. Recreation > GE Environmental Sciences
Q Science > QR Microbiology
Divisions:Department of Antarctic Biology
Department of Microbial Biochemistry
Institute of Genetics and Biotechnology UW
Laboratory of DNA Sequencing and Oligonucleotide Synthesis
ID Code:1196
Deposited By: prof. Marek K Zdanowski
Deposited On:28 Jun 2016 08:20
Last Modified:28 Jun 2016 08:20

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